I treat evolution as one big forward-genetic screen to uncover mechanisms that modulate craniofacial form. For example, I can ask, “Within this group of diverse fishes, are there consistent genomic regions or pathways that are altered in species with large jaws?” Through this, I am extending our understanding of craniofacial development, evolution, and disease.

This work led to a publication on genetic and developmental sources of variation in a radiation of salmonid fishes. In another project, I uncovered a previously undescribed population of chondroid-like, cranial neural crest-derived cells that contribute to craniofacial morphology. I am currently defining the gene expression profile of these cells, their contributions to the jaw structures, and their cell biology through zebrafish genetic tools and spatial transcriptomics.

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